1839
The novena and feast of St Francis Xavier
In 1839 the superior of the Madurai mission, Fr Joseph Bertrand, kept the great novena and the solemn feast of St Francis Xavier at Vadakkankulam. The bishop, then on visitation, asked him to part from him for it, and to go on afterwards inland to Palamcottah. Bertrand's own journal records the day: on horseback at half past two in the morning, at the church by eight on 23 November, and mass to open the novena and the year's administration of the sacraments.
In English
"The 23rd. — On horseback at half past two; at eight o'clock, arrival at Vadakencoulam, mass and the opening of the novena and of the administration."
What this source establishes
Bertrand's own journal of 23 November 1839 — on horseback at half past two in the morning, at the church by eight, mass to open the novena. He is the superior of the mission and the author, and he explicitly calls the passage a journal.